Groundnut and mustard seeds are called oilseedsbecause they are used to extract edible oils which are used for cooking food.
Mustard plant have two edible parts
(1) Leaves are used as leafy vegetable
(2) Seeds of mustard plant are used to extract mustard oil.
The fruit of banana plant are used as food and the flowers of the banana plant are also used as food in the form of vegetables.
Sprouts
When the seeds begin to grow by developing tiny roots, they are called
The sprouts contain more of Vitamin A, B, C which makes them a more nutritious food.
The method of making sprouts from seeds is called
The seeds of moong, chana, moth are usually converted into sprouts in our homes.
(1) Some dry seeds of Moong/ moth /chana.
(2) Put a small quantity of seeds in a container filled with water and leave this aside for a day.
(3) Next day, drain the water completely and leave the seeds in the vessel.
(5) A white structure may have grown out of the seed. This is called sprout.
Animal Product as Food
Animal products which are used as foodare eggs, chicken, mutton, fish, honey, milk etc.
Milk is used for drinking purpose, converted into other useful products such as curd, butter, ghee, cheese. Fish gives us cod liver oil which is rich in vitamin A.
Honey is produced by honey bees. Bees collect nectar (sugary liquid) from the flowers and convert it into honey. The bees store this honey in the structure called
The hives containing honey are called honeycombs. Honey is collected from such honeycombs.
Human being eats plant food as well as animal food.
Green plants make their own food by the process of photosynthesis.
Green plants absorb water from the soil, carbon dioxide gas from air, energy from sunlight and make food.
Producers
Since green plants make their own food they are called producers.
Consumers
Animals are unable to make their own food by process of photosynthesis, they depend on plants for food. Animals only consume food made by others, they are called consumers.
On the basis of their food habits, all the animals can be divided into three groups.
Herbivores
Carnivores
Omnivores
Herbivores
Those animals which eat only plants are called herbivores.
Herbivores eat grass, leaves, green fruits, bark of tree.
For example :cow, goat, buffalo, horse, deer, ox, camel, rabbit, monkey, giraffe, elephant.
Carnivores
Those animals which eat only other animals are called carnivores.
Carnivores eat only the meat of other animals.
For example :lion, tiger, vulture, lizard, wolf, Leopard, snake, seal.
Carnivores are meat or flesh eaters.
Omnivores
Some animals eat both plants as well as other animals as food. Those animals which eat both plants and animals are called omnivores.
For example :dog, cat, monkey, hen, sparrow, bear.
Omnivores are plant as well as meat eaters.
Our food has 7 components:
(1) Carbohydrates
(2) Fats
(3) Proteins
(4) Vitamins
(5) Minerals
(6) Water
(7) Roughage
Carbohydrate
Function
They provide energy to our body.
For Example :glucose ,sugar starch( it comes from cereals like wheat and rice)
Wheat –> Chapatti ,bread ,noodles
Rice—> Idli, Dosa
Potatoes contain a lot of carbohydrates.
Sources of Carbohydrates are wheat, rice, Maize, millet, potato, sweet potato ,sugar, honey, banana ,mango, papaya etc.
Test for presence of starch
The presence of starch in food item can be tested by using a dilute iodine solution.
This test is based on the fact that iodine produces a blue – black colour on combination with starch.
A food items which gives a blue black colour on adding a few drops of dilute iodine solution will contain starch.
A food item which does not produce a blue black colour on adding dilute iodine solution will not contain starch.
Procedure
Take a small quantity of the food to be tested.
Add 2-3 drops of dilute iodine solution to the food with a dropper.
If a blue black colour is produced then starch is present in the given food.
Fats
Fats also provide energy to our body. They provide us twice as much energy as that provided by the same amount of Carbohydrates.
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