Chapter 3
From Gathering to Growing Food
Short Notes
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Farming emerged due to global climate change, observing plant growth, leading to crop cultivation.
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People started domesticating animals, beginning with dogs, followed by sheep, goats, cattle.
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Grains served as seeds, food, and gifts, stored by humans alongside animals, a food source.
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Neolithic Age began around 10,000 years ago, marked by tools like mortars, pestles.
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Mehrgarh, near Bolan Pass, saw early farming of barley, wheat, among the earliest villages.
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Tribes formed with specific customs. Farming, herding found in various sites with plant remains, animal bones studied for evidence.
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Neolithic Age: Post-10,000 years ago, featured pit-houses, tools like mortars, pestles.
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Cotton cultivation initiated weaving of clothes.
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Tribes formed by farmers and herders, practicing specific customs.
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Mehrgarh, near Bolan Pass, earliest village cultivating barley, wheat.
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Excavations reveal chronological levels, house remains with compartments, burial sites.
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DaojaliHading, near Brahmaputra Valley, yielded stone tools, jadeite.
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Domestication: Animal taming for various uses.
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Fossil Wood: Ancient wood transformed into stone.
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Levels: Layers of waste form mounds.
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Neolithic Age: History post-10,000 years ago.
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Tribes: Groups of farmers/herders.
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12,000 years ago: Domestication begins.
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10,000 years ago: Neolithic Age starts.
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8,000 years ago: Mehrgarh settlement commences.