Daily Hot Topic

Topic : Burning Issue: Fire Safety in India

Recent fires in Delhi and Rajkot expose India’s vulnerability to fire disasters.
Over 7,500 fire accidents led to 7,435 deaths in 2022 (NCRB data).
Maharashtra and Gujarat account for 30% of fire-related deaths.
Incidents like Uphaar Cinema (1997), AMRI Hospital (2011), Kamala Mills (2017) highlight persistent neglect.

Non-compliance with fire safety regulations (Rajkot gaming center incident).
Weak municipal oversight due to understaffing and resource constraints.
Neglect of existing guidelines in National Building Code (2016) and state fire safety rules.
Fire safety audits in National Building Code are only recommendatory, not mandatory.
Inadequate firefighting infrastructure – less than 40% of required fire stations in urban India.

National Building Code (NBC) 2016: Provides fire prevention, protection, and life safety guidelines for buildings (Part 4).
State Fire Services Acts: Define fire service powers and enforce regulations.
BIS Standards: Set benchmarks for fire equipment (extinguishers, hoses, alarms).
Central Government Oversight: Director-General (Home Affairs) and National Fire Service College (Nagpur) manage fire safety and training.

2023 Scheme: Upgrading fire services in states by 2025-26 (equipment, training, new stations).
Model Bill: Establishing efficient fire and emergency services at the state level.
NDMA Guidelines: Scaling, equipment, and training for fire services nationwide.
Fire Safety Audits: Mandatory audits every two years for buildings exceeding 15 meters.

Strict Enforcement: Rigorous enforcement of fire safety regulations and penalties for violators.
Infrastructure Investment: Addressing the shortage of fire stations (less than 40% in urban areas).
Municipal Capacity Building: Enhancing resources and training for regular fire safety inspections.
Policy & Monitoring:
- Strict adherence to National Building Code and state fire safety regulations.
- Regular audits, especially in vulnerable facilities (hospitals).
Accountability & Reforms:
- Stringent penalties and legal action for violators.
- Fast-track implementation of recommendations from past fire disaster investigations.
Prioritizing Healthcare: Ensuring fire safety in healthcare facilities due to flammable materials and vulnerable patients.