India Pushes for UN Security Council Reforms
GS-3 Mains (Security)
Short Notes or Revision Notes
Question : Discuss India’s stance on UN Security Council reforms and its proposals for expanding both permanent and non-permanent categories. Analyze the reasons behind India’s push for reform and its implications for global governance.
India’s Stance:
- Reiterated urgent need for genuine UNSC reform during 6th round of intergovernmental negotiations.
- Favors expansion of both permanent and non-permanent categories.
- Over 90% of UN member states support expansion in both categories.
About the UNSC:
- Maintains international peace and security.
- Established in 1945 with 15 members.
- 5 permanent members with veto power: China, France, Russia, UK, USA.
- 10 non-permanent members elected for 2 years.
Need for Reform:
- Under-representation of key regions like Africa, Asia, and Latin America.
- Inability to address critical conflicts due to current composition.
- Lack of reflection of the changed world order since 1945.
- Veto power by only permanent members hinders action on global issues.
- Lack of transparency and accountability.
Challenges to Reform:
- Veto power of permanent members can block reform.
- Regional rivalries and geopolitical tensions.
- Complex amendment process requiring UN Charter ratification.
- China’s opposition to India’s permanent membership.
Way Forward:
- Both permanent and non-permanent membership should reflect today’s world.
- Reforms are crucial for UNSC’s relevance, legitimacy, and effectiveness.
- Achieving consensus among member states remains challenging.
हिन्दी